/*
* $HeadURL: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/jakarta/httpcomponents/oac.hc3x/tags/HTTPCLIENT_3_1/src/java/org/apache/commons/httpclient/util/ParameterFormatter.java $
* $Revision: 480424 $
* $Date: 2006-11-29 06:56:49 +0100 (Wed, 29 Nov 2006) $
*
* ====================================================================
*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
* ====================================================================
*
* This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
* individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more
* information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
* <http://www.apache.org/>.
*
*/
package org.apache.commons.httpclient.util;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
/**
* <p>
* This formatter produces a textual representation of attribute/value pairs. It
* comforms to the generic grammar and formatting rules outlined in the
* <a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec2.html#sec2.1">Section 2.1</a>
* and
* <a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec3.html#sec3.6">Section 3.6</a>
* of <a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616.txt">RFC 2616</a>
* </p>
* <h>2.1 Augmented BNF</h>
* <p>
* Many HTTP/1.1 header field values consist of words separated by LWS or special
* characters. These special characters MUST be in a quoted string to be used within
* a parameter value (as defined in section 3.6).
* <p>
* <pre>
* token = 1*<any CHAR except CTLs or separators>
* separators = "(" | ")" | "<" | ">" | "@"
* | "," | ";" | ":" | "\" | <">
* | "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "="
* | "{" | "}" | SP | HT
* </pre>
* <p>
* A string of text is parsed as a single word if it is quoted using double-quote marks.
* </p>
* <pre>
* quoted-string = ( <"> *(qdtext | quoted-pair ) <"> )
* qdtext = <any TEXT except <">>
* </pre>
* <p>
* The backslash character ("\") MAY be used as a single-character quoting mechanism only
* within quoted-string and comment constructs.
* </p>
* <pre>
* quoted-pair = "\" CHAR
* </pre>
* <h>3.6 Transfer Codings</h>
* <p>
* Parameters are in the form of attribute/value pairs.
* </p>
* <pre>
* parameter = attribute "=" value
* attribute = token
* value = token | quoted-string
* </pre>
*
* @author <a href="mailto:oleg at ural.ru">Oleg Kalnichevski</a>
*
* @since 3.0
*/
public class ParameterFormatter {
/**
* Special characters that can be used as separators in HTTP parameters.
* These special characters MUST be in a quoted string to be used within
* a parameter value
*/
private static final char[] SEPARATORS = {
'(', ')', '<', '>', '@',
',', ';', ':', '\\', '"',
'/', '[', ']', '?', '=',
'{', '}', ' ', '\t'
};
/**
* Unsafe special characters that must be escaped using the backslash
* character
*/
private static final char[] UNSAFE_CHARS = {
'"', '\\'
};
/**
* This flag determines whether all parameter values must be enclosed in
* quotation marks, even if they do not contain any special characters
*/
private boolean alwaysUseQuotes = true;
/** Default ParameterFormatter constructor */
public ParameterFormatter() {
super();
}
private static boolean isOneOf(char[] chars, char ch) {
for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
if (ch == chars[i]) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private static boolean isUnsafeChar(char ch) {
return isOneOf(UNSAFE_CHARS, ch);
}
private static boolean isSeparator(char ch) {
return isOneOf(SEPARATORS, ch);
}
/**
* Determines whether all parameter values must be enclosed in quotation
* marks, even if they do not contain any special characters
*
* @return <tt>true</tt> if all parameter values must be enclosed in
* quotation marks, <tt>false</tt> otherwise
*/
public boolean isAlwaysUseQuotes() {
return alwaysUseQuotes;
}
/**
* Defines whether all parameter values must be enclosed in quotation
* marks, even if they do not contain any special characters
*
* @param alwaysUseQuotes
*/
public void setAlwaysUseQuotes(boolean alwaysUseQuotes) {
this.alwaysUseQuotes = alwaysUseQuotes;
}
/**
* Formats the given parameter value using formatting rules defined
* in RFC 2616
*
* @param buffer output buffer
* @param value the parameter value to be formatted
* @param alwaysUseQuotes <tt>true</tt> if the parameter value must
* be enclosed in quotation marks, even if it does not contain any special
* characters<tt>, false</tt> only if the parameter value contains
* potentially unsafe special characters
*/
public static void formatValue(
final StringBuffer buffer, final String value, boolean alwaysUseQuotes) {
if (buffer == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("String buffer may not be null");
}
if (value == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Value buffer may not be null");
}
if (alwaysUseQuotes) {
buffer.append('"');
for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
char ch = value.charAt(i);
if (isUnsafeChar(ch)) {
buffer.append('\\');
}
buffer.append(ch);
}
buffer.append('"');
} else {
int offset = buffer.length();
boolean unsafe = false;
for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
char ch = value.charAt(i);
if (isSeparator(ch)) {
unsafe = true;
}
if (isUnsafeChar(ch)) {
buffer.append('\\');
}
buffer.append(ch);
}
if (unsafe) {
buffer.insert(offset, '"');
buffer.append('"');
}
}
}
/**
* Produces textual representaion of the attribute/value pair using
* formatting rules defined in RFC 2616
*
* @param buffer output buffer
* @param param the parameter to be formatted
*/
public void format(final StringBuffer buffer, final NameValuePair param) {
if (buffer == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("String buffer may not be null");
}
if (param == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter may not be null");
}
buffer.append(param.getName());
String value = param.getValue();
if (value != null) {
buffer.append("=");
formatValue(buffer, value, this.alwaysUseQuotes);
}
}
/**
* Produces textual representaion of the attribute/value pair using
* formatting rules defined in RFC 2616
*
* @param param the parameter to be formatted
*
* @return RFC 2616 conformant textual representaion of the
* attribute/value pair
*/
public String format(final NameValuePair param) {
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
format(buffer, param);
return buffer.toString();
}
}
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