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org/hibernate/bytecode/javassist/FieldTransformer.java
package org.hibernate.bytecode.javassist;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import javassist.CannotCompileException;
import javassist.bytecode.AccessFlag;
import javassist.bytecode.BadBytecode;
import javassist.bytecode.Bytecode;
import javassist.bytecode.ClassFile;
import javassist.bytecode.CodeAttribute;
import javassist.bytecode.CodeIterator;
import javassist.bytecode.ConstPool;
import javassist.bytecode.Descriptor;
import javassist.bytecode.FieldInfo;
import javassist.bytecode.MethodInfo;
import javassist.bytecode.Opcode;
import org.hibernate.bytecode.javassist.FieldFilter;
import org.hibernate.bytecode.javassist.FieldHandled;
import org.hibernate.bytecode.javassist.FieldHandler;

/**
 * The thing that handles actual class enhancement in regards to
 * intercepting field accesses.
 *
 @author Muga Nishizawa
 */
public class FieldTransformer {

  private static final String EACH_READ_METHOD_PREFIX = "$javassist_read_";

  private static final String EACH_WRITE_METHOD_PREFIX = "$javassist_write_";

  private static final String FIELD_HANDLED_TYPE_NAME = FieldHandled.class
      .getName();

  private static final String HANDLER_FIELD_NAME = "$JAVASSIST_READ_WRITE_HANDLER";

  private static final String FIELD_HANDLER_TYPE_NAME = FieldHandler.class
      .getName();

  private static final String HANDLER_FIELD_DESCRIPTOR = 'L' + FIELD_HANDLER_TYPE_NAME
      .replace('.''/'';';

  private static final String GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME = "getFieldHandler";

  private static final String SETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME = "setFieldHandler";

  private static final String GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR = "()"
                                                                  + HANDLER_FIELD_DESCRIPTOR;

  private static final String SETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR = "("
                                                                  + HANDLER_FIELD_DESCRIPTOR + ")V";

  private FieldFilter filter;

  private HashMap readableFields;

  private HashMap writableFields;

  public FieldTransformer() {
    this(null);
  }

  public FieldTransformer(FieldFilter f) {
    filter = f;
    readableFields = new HashMap();
    writableFields = new HashMap();
  }

  public void setFieldFilter(FieldFilter f) {
    filter = f;
  }

  public void transform(File filethrows Exception {
    DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
    ClassFile classfile = new ClassFile(in);
    transform(classfile);
    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
    try {
      classfile.write(out);
    finally {
      out.close();
    }
  }

  public void transform(ClassFile classfilethrows Exception {
    if (classfile.isInterface()) {
      return;
    }
    try {
      addFieldHandlerField(classfile);
      addGetFieldHandlerMethod(classfile);
      addSetFieldHandlerMethod(classfile);
      addFieldHandledInterface(classfile);
      addReadWriteMethods(classfile);
      transformInvokevirtualsIntoPutAndGetfields(classfile);
    catch (CannotCompileException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
    }
  }

  private void addFieldHandlerField(ClassFile classfile)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    FieldInfo finfo = new FieldInfo(cp, HANDLER_FIELD_NAME,
                                    HANDLER_FIELD_DESCRIPTOR);
    finfo.setAccessFlags(AccessFlag.PRIVATE | AccessFlag.TRANSIENT);
    classfile.addField(finfo);
  }

  private void addGetFieldHandlerMethod(ClassFile classfile)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    int this_class_index = cp.getThisClassInfo();
    MethodInfo minfo = new MethodInfo(cp, GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME,
                                      GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR);
    /* local variable | this | */
    Bytecode code = new Bytecode(cp, 21);
    // aload_0 // load this
    code.addAload(0);
    // getfield // get field "$JAVASSIST_CALLBACK" defined already
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.GETFIELD);
    int field_index = cp.addFieldrefInfo(this_class_index,
                                         HANDLER_FIELD_NAME, HANDLER_FIELD_DESCRIPTOR);
    code.addIndex(field_index);
    // areturn // return the value of the field
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.ARETURN);
    minfo.setCodeAttribute(code.toCodeAttribute());
    minfo.setAccessFlags(AccessFlag.PUBLIC);
    classfile.addMethod(minfo);
  }

  private void addSetFieldHandlerMethod(ClassFile classfile)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    int this_class_index = cp.getThisClassInfo();
    MethodInfo minfo = new MethodInfo(cp, SETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME,
                                      SETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR);
    /* local variables | this | callback | */
    Bytecode code = new Bytecode(cp, 33);
    // aload_0 // load this
    code.addAload(0);
    // aload_1 // load callback
    code.addAload(1);
    // putfield // put field "$JAVASSIST_CALLBACK" defined already
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.PUTFIELD);
    int field_index = cp.addFieldrefInfo(this_class_index,
                                         HANDLER_FIELD_NAME, HANDLER_FIELD_DESCRIPTOR);
    code.addIndex(field_index);
    // return
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.RETURN);
    minfo.setCodeAttribute(code.toCodeAttribute());
    minfo.setAccessFlags(AccessFlag.PUBLIC);
    classfile.addMethod(minfo);
  }

  private void addFieldHandledInterface(ClassFile classfile) {
    String[] interfaceNames = classfile.getInterfaces();
    String[] newInterfaceNames = new String[interfaceNames.length + 1];
    System.arraycopy(interfaceNames, 0, newInterfaceNames, 0,
                     interfaceNames.length);
    newInterfaceNames[newInterfaceNames.length - 1= FIELD_HANDLED_TYPE_NAME;
    classfile.setInterfaces(newInterfaceNames);
  }

  private void addReadWriteMethods(ClassFile classfile)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    List fields = classfile.getFields();
    for (Iterator field_iter = fields.iterator(); field_iter.hasNext();) {
      FieldInfo finfo = (FieldInfofield_iter.next();
      if ((finfo.getAccessFlags() & AccessFlag.STATIC== 0
          && (!finfo.getName().equals(HANDLER_FIELD_NAME))) {
        // case of non-static field
        if (filter.handleRead(finfo.getDescriptor(), finfo
            .getName())) {
          addReadMethod(classfile, finfo);
          readableFields.put(finfo.getName(), finfo
              .getDescriptor());
        }
        if (filter.handleWrite(finfo.getDescriptor(), finfo
            .getName())) {
          addWriteMethod(classfile, finfo);
          writableFields.put(finfo.getName(), finfo
              .getDescriptor());
        }
      }
    }
  }

  private void addReadMethod(ClassFile classfile, FieldInfo finfo)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    int this_class_index = cp.getThisClassInfo();
    String desc = "()" + finfo.getDescriptor();
    MethodInfo minfo = new MethodInfo(cp, EACH_READ_METHOD_PREFIX
                                          + finfo.getName(), desc);
    /* local variables | target obj | each oldvalue | */
    Bytecode code = new Bytecode(cp, 53);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // getfield // get each field
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.GETFIELD);
    int base_field_index = cp.addFieldrefInfo(this_class_index, finfo
        .getName(), finfo.getDescriptor());
    code.addIndex(base_field_index);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // invokeinterface // invoke Enabled.getInterceptFieldCallback()
    int enabled_class_index = cp.addClassInfo(FIELD_HANDLED_TYPE_NAME);
    code.addInvokeinterface(enabled_class_index,
                            GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME, GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR,
                            1);
    // ifnonnull
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.IFNONNULL);
    code.addIndex(4);
    // *return // each type
    addTypeDependDataReturn(code, finfo.getDescriptor());
    // *store_1 // each type
    addTypeDependDataStore(code, finfo.getDescriptor()1);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // invokeinterface // invoke Enabled.getInterceptFieldCallback()
    code.addInvokeinterface(enabled_class_index,
                            GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME, GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR,
                            1);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // ldc // name of the field
    code.addLdc(finfo.getName());
    // *load_1 // each type
    addTypeDependDataLoad(code, finfo.getDescriptor()1);
    // invokeinterface // invoke Callback.read*() // each type
    addInvokeFieldHandlerMethod(classfile, code, finfo.getDescriptor(),
                                true);
    // *return // each type
    addTypeDependDataReturn(code, finfo.getDescriptor());

    minfo.setCodeAttribute(code.toCodeAttribute());
    minfo.setAccessFlags(AccessFlag.PUBLIC);
    classfile.addMethod(minfo);
  }

  private void addWriteMethod(ClassFile classfile, FieldInfo finfo)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    int this_class_index = cp.getThisClassInfo();
    String desc = "(" + finfo.getDescriptor() ")V";
    MethodInfo minfo = new MethodInfo(cp, EACH_WRITE_METHOD_PREFIX
                                          + finfo.getName(), desc);
    /* local variables | target obj | each oldvalue | */
    Bytecode code = new Bytecode(cp, 63);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // invokeinterface // enabled.getInterceptFieldCallback()
    int enabled_class_index = cp.addClassInfo(FIELD_HANDLED_TYPE_NAME);
    code.addInvokeinterface(enabled_class_index,
                            GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME, GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR,
                            1);
    // ifnonnull (label1)
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.IFNONNULL);
    code.addIndex(9);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // *load_1
    addTypeDependDataLoad(code, finfo.getDescriptor()1);
    // putfield
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.PUTFIELD);
    int base_field_index = cp.addFieldrefInfo(this_class_index, finfo
        .getName(), finfo.getDescriptor());
    code.addIndex(base_field_index);
    code.growStack(-Descriptor.dataSize(finfo.getDescriptor()));
    // return ;
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.RETURN);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // dup
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.DUP);
    // invokeinterface // enabled.getInterceptFieldCallback()
    code.addInvokeinterface(enabled_class_index,
                            GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME, GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR,
                            1);
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // ldc // field name
    code.addLdc(finfo.getName());
    // aload_0
    code.addAload(0);
    // getfield // old value of the field
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.GETFIELD);
    code.addIndex(base_field_index);
    code.growStack(Descriptor.dataSize(finfo.getDescriptor()) 1);
    // *load_1
    addTypeDependDataLoad(code, finfo.getDescriptor()1);
    // invokeinterface // callback.write*(..)
    addInvokeFieldHandlerMethod(classfile, code, finfo.getDescriptor(),
                                false);
    // putfield // new value of the field
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.PUTFIELD);
    code.addIndex(base_field_index);
    code.growStack(-Descriptor.dataSize(finfo.getDescriptor()));
    // return
    code.addOpcode(Opcode.RETURN);

    minfo.setCodeAttribute(code.toCodeAttribute());
    minfo.setAccessFlags(AccessFlag.PUBLIC);
    classfile.addMethod(minfo);
  }

  private void transformInvokevirtualsIntoPutAndGetfields(ClassFile classfile)
      throws CannotCompileException {
    List methods = classfile.getMethods();
    for (Iterator method_iter = methods.iterator(); method_iter.hasNext();) {
      MethodInfo minfo = (MethodInfomethod_iter.next();
      String methodName = minfo.getName();
      if (methodName.startsWith(EACH_READ_METHOD_PREFIX)
          || methodName.startsWith(EACH_WRITE_METHOD_PREFIX)
          || methodName.equals(GETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME)
          || methodName.equals(SETFIELDHANDLER_METHOD_NAME)) {
        continue;
      }
      CodeAttribute codeAttr = minfo.getCodeAttribute();
      if (codeAttr == null) {
        return;
      }
      CodeIterator iter = codeAttr.iterator();
      while (iter.hasNext()) {
        try {
          int pos = iter.next();
          pos = transformInvokevirtualsIntoGetfields(classfile, iter,
                                                     pos);
          pos = transformInvokevirtualsIntoPutfields(classfile, iter,
                                                     pos);

        catch (BadBytecode e) {
          throw new CannotCompileException(e);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  private int transformInvokevirtualsIntoGetfields(ClassFile classfile,
                                                   CodeIterator iter, int pos) {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    int c = iter.byteAt(pos);
    if (c != Opcode.GETFIELD) {
      return pos;
    }
    int index = iter.u16bitAt(pos + 1);
    String fieldName = cp.getFieldrefName(index);
    String className = cp.getFieldrefClassName(index);
    if ((!classfile.getName().equals(className))
        || (!readableFields.containsKey(fieldName))) {
      return pos;
    }
    String desc = "()" (StringreadableFields.get(fieldName);
    int read_method_index = cp.addMethodrefInfo(cp.getThisClassInfo(),
                                                EACH_READ_METHOD_PREFIX + fieldName, desc);
    iter.writeByte(Opcode.INVOKEVIRTUAL, pos);
    iter.write16bit(read_method_index, pos + 1);
    return pos;
  }

  private int transformInvokevirtualsIntoPutfields(ClassFile classfile,
                                                   CodeIterator iter, int pos) {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    int c = iter.byteAt(pos);
    if (c != Opcode.PUTFIELD) {
      return pos;
    }
    int index = iter.u16bitAt(pos + 1);
    String fieldName = cp.getFieldrefName(index);
    String className = cp.getFieldrefClassName(index);
    if ((!classfile.getName().equals(className))
        || (!writableFields.containsKey(fieldName))) {
      return pos;
    }
    String desc = "(" (StringwritableFields.get(fieldName")V";
    int write_method_index = cp.addMethodrefInfo(cp.getThisClassInfo(),
                                                 EACH_WRITE_METHOD_PREFIX + fieldName, desc);
    iter.writeByte(Opcode.INVOKEVIRTUAL, pos);
    iter.write16bit(write_method_index, pos + 1);
    return pos;
  }

  private static void addInvokeFieldHandlerMethod(ClassFile classfile,
                                                  Bytecode code, String typeName, boolean isReadMethod) {
    ConstPool cp = classfile.getConstPool();
    // invokeinterface
    int callback_type_index = cp.addClassInfo(FIELD_HANDLER_TYPE_NAME);
    if ((typeName.charAt(0== 'L')
        && (typeName.charAt(typeName.length() 1== ';')
        || (typeName.charAt(0== '[')) {
      // reference type
      int indexOfL = typeName.indexOf('L');
      String type;
      if (indexOfL == 0) {
        // not array
        type = typeName.substring(1, typeName.length() 1);
        type = type.replace('/''.');
      else if (indexOfL == -1) {
        // array of primitive type
        // do nothing
        type = typeName;
      else {
        // array of reference type
        type = typeName.replace('/''.');
      }
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code
            .addInvokeinterface(
                callback_type_index,
                "readObject",
                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;",
                4);
        // checkcast
        code.addCheckcast(type);
      else {
        code
            .addInvokeinterface(
                callback_type_index,
                "writeObject",
                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;",
                5);
        // checkcast
        code.addCheckcast(type);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("Z")) {
      // boolean
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readBoolean",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;Z)Z"4);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeBoolean",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;ZZ)Z"5);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("B")) {
      // byte
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readByte",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;B)B"4);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeByte",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;BB)B"5);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("C")) {
      // char
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readChar",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;C)C"4);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeChar",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;CC)C"5);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("I")) {
      // int
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readInt",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;I)I"4);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeInt",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;II)I"5);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("S")) {
      // short
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readShort",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;S)S"4);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeShort",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;SS)S"5);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("D")) {
      // double
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readDouble",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;D)D"5);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeDouble",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;DD)D"7);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("F")) {
      // float
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readFloat",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;F)F"4);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeFloat",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;FF)F"5);
      }
    else if (typeName.equals("J")) {
      // long
      if (isReadMethod) {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "readLong",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;J)J"5);
      else {
        code.addInvokeinterface(callback_type_index, "writeLong",
                                "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;JJ)J"7);
      }
    else {
      // bad type
      throw new RuntimeException("bad type: " + typeName);
    }
  }

  private static void addTypeDependDataLoad(Bytecode code, String typeName,
                                            int i) {
    if ((typeName.charAt(0== 'L')
        && (typeName.charAt(typeName.length() 1== ';')
        || (typeName.charAt(0== '[')) {
      // reference type
      code.addAload(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("Z"|| typeName.equals("B")
               || typeName.equals("C"|| typeName.equals("I")
               || typeName.equals("S")) {
      // boolean, byte, char, int, short
      code.addIload(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("D")) {
      // double
      code.addDload(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("F")) {
      // float
      code.addFload(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("J")) {
      // long
      code.addLload(i);
    else {
      // bad type
      throw new RuntimeException("bad type: " + typeName);
    }
  }

  private static void addTypeDependDataStore(Bytecode code, String typeName,
                                             int i) {
    if ((typeName.charAt(0== 'L')
        && (typeName.charAt(typeName.length() 1== ';')
        || (typeName.charAt(0== '[')) {
      // reference type
      code.addAstore(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("Z"|| typeName.equals("B")
               || typeName.equals("C"|| typeName.equals("I")
               || typeName.equals("S")) {
      // boolean, byte, char, int, short
      code.addIstore(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("D")) {
      // double
      code.addDstore(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("F")) {
      // float
      code.addFstore(i);
    else if (typeName.equals("J")) {
      // long
      code.addLstore(i);
    else {
      // bad type
      throw new RuntimeException("bad type: " + typeName);
    }
  }

  private static void addTypeDependDataReturn(Bytecode code, String typeName) {
    if ((typeName.charAt(0== 'L')
        && (typeName.charAt(typeName.length() 1== ';')
        || (typeName.charAt(0== '[')) {
      // reference type
      code.addOpcode(Opcode.ARETURN);
    else if (typeName.equals("Z"|| typeName.equals("B")
               || typeName.equals("C"|| typeName.equals("I")
               || typeName.equals("S")) {
      // boolean, byte, char, int, short
      code.addOpcode(Opcode.IRETURN);
    else if (typeName.equals("D")) {
      // double
      code.addOpcode(Opcode.DRETURN);
    else if (typeName.equals("F")) {
      // float
      code.addOpcode(Opcode.FRETURN);
    else if (typeName.equals("J")) {
      // long
      code.addOpcode(Opcode.LRETURN);
    else {
      // bad type
      throw new RuntimeException("bad type: " + typeName);
    }
  }

}