/*
* Copyright 2002-2008 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.jdbc.object;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlParameter;
/**
* An "RDBMS operation" is a multi-threaded, reusable object representing a query,
* update, or stored procedure call. An RDBMS operation is <b>not</b> a command,
* as a command is not reusable. However, execute methods may take commands as
* arguments. Subclasses should be JavaBeans, allowing easy configuration.
*
* <p>This class and subclasses throw runtime exceptions, defined in the
* <codeorg.springframework.dao package</code> (and as thrown by the
* <code>org.springframework.jdbc.core</code> package, which the classes
* in this package use under the hood to perform raw JDBC operations).
*
* <p>Subclasses should set SQL and add parameters before invoking the
* {@link #compile()} method. The order in which parameters are added is
* significant. The appropriate <code>execute</code> or <code>update</code>
* method can then be invoked.
*
* @author Rod Johnson
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @see SqlQuery
* @see SqlUpdate
* @see StoredProcedure
* @see org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate
*/
public abstract class RdbmsOperation implements InitializingBean {
/** Logger available to subclasses */
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
/** Lower-level class used to execute SQL */
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();
private int resultSetType = ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY;
private boolean updatableResults = false;
private boolean returnGeneratedKeys = false;
private String[] generatedKeysColumnNames = null;
private String sql;
private final List<SqlParameter> declaredParameters = new LinkedList<SqlParameter>();
/**
* Has this operation been compiled? Compilation means at
* least checking that a DataSource and sql have been provided,
* but subclasses may also implement their own custom validation.
*/
private boolean compiled;
/**
* An alternative to the more commonly used setDataSource() when you want to
* use the same JdbcTemplate in multiple RdbmsOperations. This is appropriate if the
* JdbcTemplate has special configuration such as a SQLExceptionTranslator that should
* apply to multiple RdbmsOperation objects.
*/
public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
if (jdbcTemplate == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("jdbcTemplate must not be null");
}
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
/**
* Return the JdbcTemplate object used by this object.
*/
public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {
return this.jdbcTemplate;
}
/**
* Set the JDBC DataSource to obtain connections from.
* @see org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate#setDataSource
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource);
}
/**
* Set the fetch size for this RDBMS operation. This is important for processing
* large result sets: Setting this higher than the default value will increase
* processing speed at the cost of memory consumption; setting this lower can
* avoid transferring row data that will never be read by the application.
* <p>Default is 0, indicating to use the driver's default.
* @see org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate#setFetchSize
*/
public void setFetchSize(int fetchSize) {
this.jdbcTemplate.setFetchSize(fetchSize);
}
/**
* Set the maximum number of rows for this RDBMS operation. This is important
* for processing subsets of large result sets, avoiding to read and hold
* the entire result set in the database or in the JDBC driver.
* <p>Default is 0, indicating to use the driver's default.
* @see org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate#setMaxRows
*/
public void setMaxRows(int maxRows) {
this.jdbcTemplate.setMaxRows(maxRows);
}
/**
* Set the query timeout for statements that this RDBMS operation executes.
* <p>Default is 0, indicating to use the JDBC driver's default.
* <p>Note: Any timeout specified here will be overridden by the remaining
* transaction timeout when executing within a transaction that has a
* timeout specified at the transaction level.
*/
public void setQueryTimeout(int queryTimeout) {
this.jdbcTemplate.setQueryTimeout(queryTimeout);
}
/**
* Set whether to use statements that return a specific type of ResultSet.
* @param resultSetType the ResultSet type
* @see java.sql.ResultSet#TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY
* @see java.sql.ResultSet#TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE
* @see java.sql.ResultSet#TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE
* @see java.sql.Connection#prepareStatement(String, int, int)
*/
public void setResultSetType(int resultSetType) {
this.resultSetType = resultSetType;
}
/**
* Return whether statements will return a specific type of ResultSet.
*/
public int getResultSetType() {
return this.resultSetType;
}
/**
* Set whether to use statements that are capable of returning
* updatable ResultSets.
* @see java.sql.Connection#prepareStatement(String, int, int)
*/
public void setUpdatableResults(boolean updatableResults) {
if (isCompiled()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(
"The updateableResults flag must be set before the operation is compiled");
}
this.updatableResults = updatableResults;
}
/**
* Return whether statements will return updatable ResultSets.
*/
public boolean isUpdatableResults() {
return this.updatableResults;
}
/**
* Set whether prepared statements should be capable of returning
* auto-generated keys.
* @see java.sql.Connection#prepareStatement(String, int)
*/
public void setReturnGeneratedKeys(boolean returnGeneratedKeys) {
if (isCompiled()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(
"The returnGeneratedKeys flag must be set before the operation is compiled");
}
this.returnGeneratedKeys = returnGeneratedKeys;
}
/**
* Return whether statements should be capable of returning
* auto-generated keys.
*/
public boolean isReturnGeneratedKeys() {
return this.returnGeneratedKeys;
}
/**
* Set the column names of the auto-generated keys.
* @see java.sql.Connection#prepareStatement(String, String[])
*/
public void setGeneratedKeysColumnNames(String[] names) {
if (isCompiled()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(
"The column names for the generated keys must be set before the operation is compiled");
}
this.generatedKeysColumnNames = names;
}
/**
* Return the column names of the auto generated keys.
*/
public String[] getGeneratedKeysColumnNames() {
return this.generatedKeysColumnNames;
}
/**
* Set the SQL executed by this operation.
*/
public void setSql(String sql) {
this.sql = sql;
}
/**
* Subclasses can override this to supply dynamic SQL if they wish,
* but SQL is normally set by calling the setSql() method
* or in a subclass constructor.
*/
public String getSql() {
return this.sql;
}
/**
* Add anonymous parameters, specifying only their SQL types
* as defined in the <code>java.sql.Types</code> class.
* <p>Parameter ordering is significant. This method is an alternative
* to the {@link #declareParameter} method, which should normally be preferred.
* @param types array of SQL types as defined in the
* <code>java.sql.Types</code> class
* @throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException if the operation is already compiled
*/
public void setTypes(int[] types) throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException {
if (isCompiled()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("Cannot add parameters once query is compiled");
}
if (types != null) {
for (int type : types) {
declareParameter(new SqlParameter(type));
}
}
}
/**
* Declare a parameter for this operation.
* <p>The order in which this method is called is significant when using
* positional parameters. It is not significant when using named parameters
* with named SqlParameter objects here; it remains significant when using
* named parameters in combination with unnamed SqlParameter objects here.
* @param param the SqlParameter to add. This will specify SQL type and (optionally)
* the parameter's name. Note that you typically use the {@link SqlParameter} class
* itself here, not any of its subclasses.
* @throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException if the operation is already compiled,
* and hence cannot be configured further
*/
public void declareParameter(SqlParameter param) throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException {
if (isCompiled()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("Cannot add parameters once the query is compiled");
}
this.declaredParameters.add(param);
}
/**
* Add one or more declared parameters. Used for configuring this operation
* when used in a bean factory. Each parameter will specify SQL type and (optionally)
* the parameter's name.
* @param parameters Array containing the declared {@link SqlParameter} objects
* @see #declaredParameters
*/
public void setParameters(SqlParameter[] parameters) {
if (isCompiled()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("Cannot add parameters once the query is compiled");
}
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
if (parameters[i] != null) {
this.declaredParameters.add(parameters[i]);
}
else {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("Cannot add parameter at index " + i + " from " +
Arrays.asList(parameters) + " since it is 'null'");
}
}
}
/**
* Return a list of the declared {@link SqlParameter} objects.
*/
protected List<SqlParameter> getDeclaredParameters() {
return this.declaredParameters;
}
/**
* Ensures compilation if used in a bean factory.
*/
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
compile();
}
/**
* Compile this query.
* Ignores subsequent attempts to compile.
* @throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException if the object hasn't
* been correctly initialized, for example if no DataSource has been provided
*/
public final void compile() throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException {
if (!isCompiled()) {
if (getSql() == null) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("Property 'sql' is required");
}
try {
this.jdbcTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
}
catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(ex.getMessage());
}
compileInternal();
this.compiled = true;
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("RdbmsOperation with SQL [" + getSql() + "] compiled");
}
}
}
/**
* Is this operation "compiled"? Compilation, as in JDO,
* means that the operation is fully configured, and ready to use.
* The exact meaning of compilation will vary between subclasses.
* @return whether this operation is compiled, and ready to use.
*/
public boolean isCompiled() {
return this.compiled;
}
/**
* Check whether this operation has been compiled already;
* lazily compile it if not already compiled.
* <p>Automatically called by <code>validateParameters</code>.
* @see #validateParameters
*/
protected void checkCompiled() {
if (!isCompiled()) {
logger.debug("SQL operation not compiled before execution - invoking compile");
compile();
}
}
/**
* Validate the parameters passed to an execute method based on declared parameters.
* Subclasses should invoke this method before every <code>executeQuery()</code>
* or <code>update()</code> method.
* @param parameters parameters supplied (may be <code>null</code>)
* @throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException if the parameters are invalid
*/
protected void validateParameters(Object[] parameters) throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException {
checkCompiled();
int declaredInParameters = 0;
for (SqlParameter param : this.declaredParameters) {
if (param.isInputValueProvided()) {
if (!supportsLobParameters() &&
(param.getSqlType() == Types.BLOB || param.getSqlType() == Types.CLOB)) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(
"BLOB or CLOB parameters are not allowed for this kind of operation");
}
declaredInParameters++;
}
}
validateParameterCount((parameters != null ? parameters.length : 0), declaredInParameters);
}
/**
* Validate the named parameters passed to an execute method based on declared parameters.
* Subclasses should invoke this method before every <code>executeQuery()</code> or
* <code>update()</code> method.
* @param parameters parameter Map supplied. May be <code>null</code>.
* @throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException if the parameters are invalid
*/
protected void validateNamedParameters(Map<String, ?> parameters) throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException {
checkCompiled();
Map paramsToUse = (parameters != null ? parameters : Collections.emptyMap());
int declaredInParameters = 0;
for (SqlParameter param : this.declaredParameters) {
if (param.isInputValueProvided()) {
if (!supportsLobParameters() &&
(param.getSqlType() == Types.BLOB || param.getSqlType() == Types.CLOB)) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(
"BLOB or CLOB parameters are not allowed for this kind of operation");
}
if (param.getName() != null && !paramsToUse.containsKey(param.getName())) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException("The parameter named '" + param.getName() +
"' was not among the parameters supplied: " + paramsToUse.keySet());
}
declaredInParameters++;
}
}
validateParameterCount(paramsToUse.size(), declaredInParameters);
}
/**
* Validate the given parameter count against the given declared parameters.
* @param suppliedParamCount the number of actual parameters given
* @param declaredInParamCount the number of input parameters declared
*/
private void validateParameterCount(int suppliedParamCount, int declaredInParamCount) {
if (suppliedParamCount < declaredInParamCount) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(suppliedParamCount + " parameters were supplied, but " +
declaredInParamCount + " in parameters were declared in class [" + getClass().getName() + "]");
}
if (suppliedParamCount > this.declaredParameters.size() && !allowsUnusedParameters()) {
throw new InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException(suppliedParamCount + " parameters were supplied, but " +
declaredInParamCount + " parameters were declared in class [" + getClass().getName() + "]");
}
}
/**
* Subclasses must implement this template method to perform their own compilation.
* Invoked after this base class's compilation is complete.
* <p>Subclasses can assume that SQL and a DataSource have been supplied.
* @throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException if the subclass hasn't been
* properly configured
*/
protected abstract void compileInternal() throws InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException;
/**
* Return whether BLOB/CLOB parameters are supported for this kind of operation.
* <p>The default is <code>true</code>.
*/
protected boolean supportsLobParameters() {
return true;
}
/**
* Return whether this operation accepts additional parameters that are
* given but not actually used. Applies in particular to parameter Maps.
* <p>The default is <code>false</code>.
* @see StoredProcedure
*/
protected boolean allowsUnusedParameters() {
return false;
}
}
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