/*
* Copyright 2002-2008 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.jdbc.support;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.sql.BatchUpdateException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.core.JdkVersion;
import org.springframework.dao.CannotAcquireLockException;
import org.springframework.dao.CannotSerializeTransactionException;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessResourceFailureException;
import org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException;
import org.springframework.dao.DeadlockLoserDataAccessException;
import org.springframework.dao.PermissionDeniedDataAccessException;
import org.springframework.dao.TransientDataAccessResourceException;
import org.springframework.dao.DuplicateKeyException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.BadSqlGrammarException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.InvalidResultSetAccessException;
/**
* Implementation of {@link SQLExceptionTranslator} that analyzes vendor-specific error codes.
* More precise than an implementation based on SQL state, but heavily vendor-specific.
*
* <p>This class applies the following matching rules:
* <ul>
* <li>Try custom translation implemented by any subclass. Note that this class is
* concrete and is typically used itself, in which case this rule doesn't apply.
* <li>Apply error code matching. Error codes are obtained from the SQLErrorCodesFactory
* by default. This factory loads a "sql-error-codes.xml" file from the class path,
* defining error code mappings for database names from database metadata.
* <li>Fallback to a fallback translator. {@link SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator} is the
* default fallback translator, analyzing the exception's SQL state only. On Java 6
* which introduces its own <code>SQLException</code> subclass hierarchy, we will
* use {@link SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator} by default, which in turns falls back
* to Spring's own SQL state translation when not encountering specific subclasses.
* </ul>
*
* <p>The configuration file named "sql-error-codes.xml" is by default read from
* this package. It can be overridden through a file of the same name in the root
* of the class path (e.g. in the "/WEB-INF/classes" directory), as long as the
* Spring JDBC package is loaded from the same ClassLoader.
*
* @author Rod Johnson
* @author Thomas Risberg
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @see SQLErrorCodesFactory
* @see SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator
*/
public class SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator extends AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator {
private static final int MESSAGE_ONLY_CONSTRUCTOR = 1;
private static final int MESSAGE_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR = 2;
private static final int MESSAGE_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR = 3;
private static final int MESSAGE_SQL_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR = 4;
private static final int MESSAGE_SQL_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR = 5;
/** Error codes used by this translator */
private SQLErrorCodes sqlErrorCodes;
/**
* Constructor for use as a JavaBean.
* The SqlErrorCodes or DataSource property must be set.
*/
public SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator() {
if (JdkVersion.getMajorJavaVersion() >= JdkVersion.JAVA_16) {
setFallbackTranslator(new SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator());
}
else {
setFallbackTranslator(new SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator());
}
}
/**
* Create a SQL error code translator for the given DataSource.
* Invoking this constructor will cause a Connection to be obtained
* from the DataSource to get the metadata.
* @param dataSource DataSource to use to find metadata and establish
* which error codes are usable
* @see SQLErrorCodesFactory
*/
public SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator(DataSource dataSource) {
this();
setDataSource(dataSource);
}
/**
* Create a SQL error code translator for the given database product name.
* Invoking this constructor will avoid obtaining a Connection from the
* DataSource to get the metadata.
* @param dbName the database product name that identifies the error codes entry
* @see SQLErrorCodesFactory
* @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#getDatabaseProductName()
*/
public SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator(String dbName) {
this();
setDatabaseProductName(dbName);
}
/**
* Create a SQLErrorCode translator given these error codes.
* Does not require a database metadata lookup to be performed using a connection.
* @param sec error codes
*/
public SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator(SQLErrorCodes sec) {
this();
this.sqlErrorCodes = sec;
}
/**
* Set the DataSource for this translator.
* <p>Setting this property will cause a Connection to be obtained from
* the DataSource to get the metadata.
* @param dataSource DataSource to use to find metadata and establish
* which error codes are usable
* @see SQLErrorCodesFactory#getErrorCodes(javax.sql.DataSource)
* @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#getDatabaseProductName()
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.sqlErrorCodes = SQLErrorCodesFactory.getInstance().getErrorCodes(dataSource);
}
/**
* Set the database product name for this translator.
* <p>Setting this property will avoid obtaining a Connection from the DataSource
* to get the metadata.
* @param dbName the database product name that identifies the error codes entry
* @see SQLErrorCodesFactory#getErrorCodes(String)
* @see java.sql.DatabaseMetaData#getDatabaseProductName()
*/
public void setDatabaseProductName(String dbName) {
this.sqlErrorCodes = SQLErrorCodesFactory.getInstance().getErrorCodes(dbName);
}
/**
* Set custom error codes to be used for translation.
* @param sec custom error codes to use
*/
public void setSqlErrorCodes(SQLErrorCodes sec) {
this.sqlErrorCodes = sec;
}
/**
* Return the error codes used by this translator.
* Usually determined via a DataSource.
* @see #setDataSource
*/
public SQLErrorCodes getSqlErrorCodes() {
return this.sqlErrorCodes;
}
@Override
protected DataAccessException doTranslate(String task, String sql, SQLException ex) {
SQLException sqlEx = ex;
if (sqlEx instanceof BatchUpdateException && sqlEx.getNextException() != null) {
SQLException nestedSqlEx = sqlEx.getNextException();
if (nestedSqlEx.getErrorCode() > 0 || nestedSqlEx.getSQLState() != null) {
logger.debug("Using nested SQLException from the BatchUpdateException");
sqlEx = nestedSqlEx;
}
}
// First, try custom translation from overridden method.
DataAccessException dex = customTranslate(task, sql, sqlEx);
if (dex != null) {
return dex;
}
// Next, try the custom SQLException translator, if available.
if (this.sqlErrorCodes != null) {
SQLExceptionTranslator customTranslator = this.sqlErrorCodes.getCustomSqlExceptionTranslator();
if (customTranslator != null) {
DataAccessException customDex = customTranslator.translate(task, sql, sqlEx);
if (customDex != null) {
return customDex;
}
}
}
// Check SQLErrorCodes with corresponding error code, if available.
if (this.sqlErrorCodes != null) {
String errorCode = null;
if (this.sqlErrorCodes.isUseSqlStateForTranslation()) {
errorCode = sqlEx.getSQLState();
}
else {
errorCode = Integer.toString(sqlEx.getErrorCode());
}
if (errorCode != null) {
// Look for defined custom translations first.
CustomSQLErrorCodesTranslation[] customTranslations = this.sqlErrorCodes.getCustomTranslations();
if (customTranslations != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < customTranslations.length; i++) {
CustomSQLErrorCodesTranslation customTranslation = customTranslations[i];
if (Arrays.binarySearch(customTranslation.getErrorCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
if (customTranslation.getExceptionClass() != null) {
DataAccessException customException = createCustomException(
task, sql, sqlEx, customTranslation.getExceptionClass());
if (customException != null) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, true);
return customException;
}
}
}
}
}
// Next, look for grouped error codes.
if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getBadSqlGrammarCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new BadSqlGrammarException(task, sql, sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getInvalidResultSetAccessCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new InvalidResultSetAccessException(task, sql, sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getDuplicateKeyCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new DuplicateKeyException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getDataIntegrityViolationCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new DataIntegrityViolationException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getPermissionDeniedCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new PermissionDeniedDataAccessException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getDataAccessResourceFailureCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new DataAccessResourceFailureException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getTransientDataAccessResourceCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new TransientDataAccessResourceException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getCannotAcquireLockCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new CannotAcquireLockException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getDeadlockLoserCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new DeadlockLoserDataAccessException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
else if (Arrays.binarySearch(this.sqlErrorCodes.getCannotSerializeTransactionCodes(), errorCode) >= 0) {
logTranslation(task, sql, sqlEx, false);
return new CannotSerializeTransactionException(buildMessage(task, sql, sqlEx), sqlEx);
}
}
}
// We couldn't identify it more precisely - let's hand it over to the SQLState fallback translator.
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
String codes = null;
if (this.sqlErrorCodes != null && this.sqlErrorCodes.isUseSqlStateForTranslation()) {
codes = "SQL state '" + sqlEx.getSQLState() + "', error code '" + sqlEx.getErrorCode();
}
else {
codes = "Error code '" + sqlEx.getErrorCode() + "'";
}
logger.debug("Unable to translate SQLException with " + codes + ", will now try the fallback translator");
}
return null;
}
/**
* Subclasses can override this method to attempt a custom mapping from SQLException
* to DataAccessException.
* @param task readable text describing the task being attempted
* @param sql SQL query or update that caused the problem. May be <code>null</code>.
* @param sqlEx the offending SQLException
* @return null if no custom translation was possible, otherwise a DataAccessException
* resulting from custom translation. This exception should include the sqlEx parameter
* as a nested root cause. This implementation always returns null, meaning that
* the translator always falls back to the default error codes.
*/
protected DataAccessException customTranslate(String task, String sql, SQLException sqlEx) {
return null;
}
/**
* Create a custom DataAccessException, based on a given exception
* class from a CustomSQLErrorCodesTranslation definition.
* @param task readable text describing the task being attempted
* @param sql SQL query or update that caused the problem. May be <code>null</code>.
* @param sqlEx the offending SQLException
* @param exceptionClass the exception class to use, as defined in the
* CustomSQLErrorCodesTranslation definition
* @return null if the custom exception could not be created, otherwise
* the resulting DataAccessException. This exception should include the
* sqlEx parameter as a nested root cause.
* @see CustomSQLErrorCodesTranslation#setExceptionClass
*/
protected DataAccessException createCustomException(
String task, String sql, SQLException sqlEx, Class exceptionClass) {
// find appropriate constructor
try {
int constructorType = 0;
Constructor[] constructors = exceptionClass.getConstructors();
for (int i = 0; i < constructors.length; i++) {
Class[] parameterTypes = constructors[i].getParameterTypes();
if (parameterTypes.length == 1 && parameterTypes[0].equals(String.class)) {
if (constructorType < MESSAGE_ONLY_CONSTRUCTOR)
constructorType = MESSAGE_ONLY_CONSTRUCTOR;
}
if (parameterTypes.length == 2 && parameterTypes[0].equals(String.class) &&
parameterTypes[1].equals(Throwable.class)) {
if (constructorType < MESSAGE_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR)
constructorType = MESSAGE_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR;
}
if (parameterTypes.length == 2 && parameterTypes[0].equals(String.class) &&
parameterTypes[1].equals(SQLException.class)) {
if (constructorType < MESSAGE_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR)
constructorType = MESSAGE_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR;
}
if (parameterTypes.length == 3 && parameterTypes[0].equals(String.class) &&
parameterTypes[1].equals(String.class) && parameterTypes[2].equals(Throwable.class)) {
if (constructorType < MESSAGE_SQL_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR)
constructorType = MESSAGE_SQL_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR;
}
if (parameterTypes.length == 3 && parameterTypes[0].equals(String.class) &&
parameterTypes[1].equals(String.class) && parameterTypes[2].equals(SQLException.class)) {
if (constructorType < MESSAGE_SQL_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR)
constructorType = MESSAGE_SQL_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR;
}
}
// invoke constructor
Constructor exceptionConstructor = null;
switch (constructorType) {
case MESSAGE_SQL_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR:
Class[] messageAndSqlAndSqlExArgsClass = new Class[] {String.class, String.class, SQLException.class};
Object[] messageAndSqlAndSqlExArgs = new Object[] {task, sql, sqlEx};
exceptionConstructor = exceptionClass.getConstructor(messageAndSqlAndSqlExArgsClass);
return (DataAccessException) exceptionConstructor.newInstance(messageAndSqlAndSqlExArgs);
case MESSAGE_SQL_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR:
Class[] messageAndSqlAndThrowableArgsClass = new Class[] {String.class, String.class, Throwable.class};
Object[] messageAndSqlAndThrowableArgs = new Object[] {task, sql, sqlEx};
exceptionConstructor = exceptionClass.getConstructor(messageAndSqlAndThrowableArgsClass);
return (DataAccessException) exceptionConstructor.newInstance(messageAndSqlAndThrowableArgs);
case MESSAGE_SQLEX_CONSTRUCTOR:
Class[] messageAndSqlExArgsClass = new Class[] {String.class, SQLException.class};
Object[] messageAndSqlExArgs = new Object[] {task + ": " + sqlEx.getMessage(), sqlEx};
exceptionConstructor = exceptionClass.getConstructor(messageAndSqlExArgsClass);
return (DataAccessException) exceptionConstructor.newInstance(messageAndSqlExArgs);
case MESSAGE_THROWABLE_CONSTRUCTOR:
Class[] messageAndThrowableArgsClass = new Class[] {String.class, Throwable.class};
Object[] messageAndThrowableArgs = new Object[] {task + ": " + sqlEx.getMessage(), sqlEx};
exceptionConstructor = exceptionClass.getConstructor(messageAndThrowableArgsClass);
return (DataAccessException)exceptionConstructor.newInstance(messageAndThrowableArgs);
case MESSAGE_ONLY_CONSTRUCTOR:
Class[] messageOnlyArgsClass = new Class[] {String.class};
Object[] messageOnlyArgs = new Object[] {task + ": " + sqlEx.getMessage()};
exceptionConstructor = exceptionClass.getConstructor(messageOnlyArgsClass);
return (DataAccessException) exceptionConstructor.newInstance(messageOnlyArgs);
default:
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Unable to find appropriate constructor of custom exception class [" +
exceptionClass.getName() + "]");
}
return null;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Unable to instantiate custom exception class [" + exceptionClass.getName() + "]", ex);
}
return null;
}
}
private void logTranslation(String task, String sql, SQLException sqlEx, boolean custom) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
String intro = custom ? "Custom translation of" : "Translating";
logger.debug(intro + " SQLException with SQL state '" + sqlEx.getSQLState() +
"', error code '" + sqlEx.getErrorCode() + "', message [" + sqlEx.getMessage() +
"]; SQL was [" + sql + "] for task [" + task + "]");
}
}
}
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